Transkrypcja: Sergey Brin and Larry Page: The genesis of Google

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I want to discuss a question I know that's been pressing on many of your minds. We spoke to you last several years ago. And before I get started today, since many of you are wondering, I just wanted to get it out of the way. The answer is boxers. Now that. Now I hope all of you feel better. Do you know what this might be? Does anyone know what that is? What is it? It's people walking onto Google around the world. Wow. OK. I didn't really realize what it was when I first saw it. But this is what helped me see it. This is what we run at the office that actually runs real time. Here it's slightly logged.

But here you can see around the world how people are using Google. And every one of those rising dots represents probably about 20, 30 searches or something like that. And they're labeled by color. Right now, by language. So you can see here we are in the US. And they're all coming up red. There we are in Monterey. Hopefully I can get it right. You can see that Japan is busy at night right there. We have Tokyo coming in in Japanese. There's a lot of activity in China. There's a lot of activity in India. There's some in the Middle East, little pockets.

And Europe, which is right now in the middle of the day, is flowing really strong with a whole wide variety of languages. Now you can also see, if I turn this around here, hopefully I won't shake the world too much. But you can also see there are places where there's not so much Australia because there just aren't very many people there. And this is something that we should really work on, which is Africa, which is just a few trickles, basically in South Africa and a few other urban cities. But basically what we've noticed is these queries, which come in at thousands per second, are available everywhere there is power. And pretty much everywhere there is power, there is the internet.

And even in Antarctica, at least this time of year, from time to time, we'll see a query rising up. And if we had it plotted correctly, I think the International Space Station would have it too. This will shift it, sadly. So this is some of the challenge that we have here. As you can see, it's actually kind of hard to get the, there we go. This is how we have to move the bits around to actually get the people the answers to their questions. You can see that there's a lot of data running around. It has to go all over the world through fibers, through satellites, through all kinds of connections.

And it's pretty tricky for us to maintain latencies as low as we try to. Hopefully your experience is good. But you can see also, once again, some places are much more wired than others. And you can see all the bandwidth across the US going up over to Asia, Europe in the other direction, and so forth. Now what I would like to do is just to show you what one second of this activity would look like. And if we can switch to the slides. All right, here we go. So this is slow down. This is what one second looks like.

And this is what we spend a lot of our time doing, is just making sure that we can keep up with this kind of traffic load. Now each one of those queries has an interesting life and tale of its own. I mean, it could be somebody's health. It could be somebody's career, something important to them. And it could potentially be something as important as tomato sauce. Or in this case, ketchup. So this is a query that we had. I guess it's a popular band that was more popular in some parts of the world than others. You can see that it got started right here in the US and Spain. It was popular at the same time.

But it didn't have quite the same pick up in the US as it did in Spain. And then from Spain it went to Italy. And then Germany got excited. And maybe right now the UK is enjoying it. And I guess the US finally started to like it too. And I just want to play it for you. And I just want to play it for you. Anyway, you can all enjoy it for yourselves. Hopefully that search will work. As a part of what we want to do to grow our company is to have more searches.

And what that means is we want to have more people who are healthy and educated, more animals if they start doing searches as well. But partly we want to make the world a better place. And so one thing that we're embarking upon is the Google Foundation. And we're in the process of setting that up. We also have a program already called Google Grants that now serves over 150 different charities around the world. And these are some of the charities that are on there. And it's something I'm very excited to be a part of. In fact, many of the organizations that are here, the Acumen Fund, I think Approtech we have running. I'm not sure if that one's up yet.

And many of the people who are presented here are running through Google Grants. They run Google Ads. And we just give them the ad credit so they can let organizations know. One of the earlier results that we got, we have a Singaporean businessman who is now sponsoring a village of 25 Vietnamese girls for their education. And that was one of the earliest results. And as I said, now there have been many, many stories that have come in because we do have hundreds of charities in there. And the Google Foundation will be an even broader endeavor. Now does anybody know who this is? Aha. Yes. Somebody got it. This is Orkut. Is anybody here on Orkut? Do we have any? Oh, OK.

Not very many people know about it. I'll explain in a second. This is one of our engineers. We find that they work better when they're submerged and covered with leaves. That's how we turn those products out. Orkut had a vision to create a social network. I know all of you are thinking, yet another social network. But it was a dream of his. And basically when people really want to do something, Google, we generally let them. So this is what he built. We just released it in a test phase last month. And it's been taking off. This is our VP of engineering. You can see the red hair.

And I don't know if you can see the nose ring there. And these are all of his friends. So this is how we just deployed it. And we just decided that people would send each other invitations to get into the service. And so we just had the people in our company initially send them out. And now we've grown to over 100,000 members. And they spread, actually, very quickly, even outside the US. You can see, even though the US is still the majority here. Though, by the way, search-wise, it's only about 30% of our traffic. But it's already going to Japan, and the UK, and Europe, and all the rest of the countries. So it's a fun little project.

There are a variety of demographics. I won't bore you with these. But it's just the kind of thing that we just try out for fun and see where it goes. And well, I'll leave you in suspense. Larry, you can explain this one. LARRY NIVENOWITZ Thank you, Sergey. So one of the things, both Sergey and I went to Montessori School. And I think, for some reason, this has been incorporated in Google. And Sergey mentioned Orkut, which was something that Orkut wanted to do in his time. And we call this at Google. We've embodied this as the 20% time.

The idea is, for 20% of your time, if you're working at Google, you can do what you think is the best thing to do. And many, many things at Google have come out of that, such as Orkut, and also Google News. And I think many other things in the world also have come out of this. Mendel, who was supposed to be teaching high school students, actually discovered the laws of genetics as a hobby, basically. So many, many useful things come out of this. And News, which I just mentioned, was started by a researcher. And after 9-11, he got really interested in the news.

And he said, why don't I look at the news better? And so he started clustering it by category. And then he started using it. And then his friends started using it. And then, besides just looking cute on a baby's bottom, we made it a Googlet, which is basically a small project at Google. So it would be like three people or something like that. And they would try to make a product. And we wouldn't really be sure if it's going to work or not. And in News's case, they had a couple of people working on it for a while. And then more and more people started using it. And then we put it out on the internet.

And more and more people started using it. And now it's a real full-blown project with more people in it. And this is how we keep our innovation running. I think usually, as companies get bigger, they find it really hard to have small, innovative projects. And we had this problem, too, for a while. And we said, oh, we really need a new concept, the Googlet. That's a small project that we're not quite sure if it's going to work or not. But we hope it will. And if we do enough of them, some of them will really work in turnouts such as News. Then we had a problem, because then we had over 100 projects.

And I don't know about all of you, but I have trouble keeping 100 things in my head at once. And we found that if we just wrote all of them down and ordered them, and these are kind of made up, don't really pay attention to them. For example, the Buy Iceland, which is from a media article. We would never do such a crazy thing. But in any case, we found if we just basically wrote them all down and ordered them, that most people would actually agree what the ordering should be. And this was kind of a surprise to me.

But we found that as long as you keep the 100 things in your head, which you did by writing them down, that you could do a pretty good job deciding what to do and where to put your resources. And so that's basically what we've done since we instituted that a few years ago. And I think it's really allowed us to be innovative and still stay reasonably well organized. The other thing we discovered is that people like to work on things that are important. And so naturally, people sort of migrate to the things that are high priorities. I just wanted to highlight a couple of things that are new or you might not know about.

And the top thing actually is the desk bar. And so this is a new. How many of you use the Google toolbar? There's your hands. How many of you use the desk bar? All right, see, you guys should try it out. But if you go to our site and search for desk bar, you'll get this. And the idea is instead of a toolbar, it's just present all the time on your screen on the bottom. And you could do searches really easily. And it's sort of like a better version of the toolbar. Thank you, sir. This is another example of a project that somebody at Google was really passionate about. And they got going.

And it's really, really a great product and really taking off. Google Answers is something we started, which is really cool, which lets you, for $5 to $100, you can type a question in. And then there's a pool of researchers that go out and research it for you. And it's guaranteed and all that. And you can get actually very good answers to things without spending all that time yourself. Frugal lets you search shopping information. And Blogger lets you publish things. But all of these, these were all sort of innovative things that we did that we try many, many different things in our company. We also like to innovate in our physical space.

And we noticed in meetings, you have to wait a long time for projectors to turn on and off. And they're noisy, so people shut them off. And we didn't like that. So we actually, in maybe a couple of weeks, we built these little enclosures that enclose the projectors. And so we can leave them on all the time. And they're completely silent. And as a result, we were able to build some software that also lets us manage meetings. So when you walk into a meeting room now, it lists all the meetings that are happening. You can very easily take notes. And they just get emailed automatically to all the people that were present in the meeting.

And as we become more of a global company, we find these things really affect us. Can we work effectively with people who aren't in the room? And things like that. And simple things like this can really make a big difference. We also have a lot of engineers in those meetings. They don't always do their laundry as much as they should. And so we found it was pretty helpful to have laundry machines for our younger employees especially. We also allow dogs and things like that. And we've had, I think, a really fun culture at our company, which helps people work and enjoy what they're doing. This is actually our cult picture. I just wanted to show it quickly.

We had this on our website for a while. But we found that after we put it on our website, we didn't get any job applications anymore. But anyway, every year we've taken the whole company on a ski trip. A lot of work happens in companies from people knowing each other and informally. And I think we've done a good job encouraging that. It makes it a really fun place to work. Along with our logos too, which I think really embody our culture when we change things. In the early days, we were actually advised we should never change our logo because we should establish our brand. Because you never want to change your logo. You want it to be consistent.

And we said, well, that doesn't sound so much fun. Why don't we try changing it every day? One of the things that really excites me about what we're doing now is we have this thing called AdSense. And this is a little bit foreshadowing. This is from before Dean dropped out. The idea is on a newspaper, for example, we show you relevant ads. And this is hard to read, but it says Battle for New Hampshire, Howard Dean for President, articles on Howard Dean. And these ads are generated automatically, in this case on the Washington Post, from the content of the site. And so we use our over 150,000 advertisers and millions of advertisements.

We pick the one that's most relevant to what you're actually looking at, much as we do on search. So the idea is we can make advertising useful, not just annoying. And the nice thing about this, we have a self-serve program. And many thousands of websites have signed up. And this lets them really make money. There's a number of people I met. I met this guy who runs a conservation site at a party. And he said, I wasn't making any money. I just put this thing on my site, and I'm making $10,000 a month. And thank you. I don't have to do my other job now.

And I think this is really important for us, because it makes the internet work better. It makes content get better. It makes searching work better, when people can really make their livelihood from producing great content. So this session is supposed to be about the future. So I thought I'd talk at least briefly about it. And the idea behind this is to do the perfect job doing search, you really have to be smart. Because you can type any kind of thing into Google, and you expect an answer back. But finding things is tricky. And so you really want intelligence. And in fact, the ultimate search engine would be smart. It would be artificial intelligence.

And so that's something we work on. And we even have some people who are excited enough and crazy enough to work on it now. And that's really their goal. So we always hope that Google will be smart. But we're always surprised when other people think that it is. So I just wanted to give a funny example of this. This is a blog from Iraq. And it's not really what I'm going to talk about. But I just wanted to show you an example. Maybe Sergey can highlight this. So we decided, actually, highlight right there. Thank you. So related search is right there. You can't see it that well.

But we decided we should put in this feature into our ad sense ads called Related Searches. And so we'd say, did you mean search for, what is this in this case, Saddam Hussein? Because this blog is about Iraq in addition to the ads. And we thought this would be a great idea. And so there was this blog of a young person who was kind of depressed. And he said, you know, I'm sleeping a lot. He was just kind of writing about his life. And our algorithms, not a person, of course, but our algorithms, our computers, read his blog and decided that the related search was I'm bored. And he read this.

And he thought a person had decided that he was boring. And it was very unfortunate. And he said, what are these bastards at Google doing? Why don't they like my blog? And so then we read his blog, which was sort of going from bad to worse. And we said the related search was retards. And then he got even more mad. And he wrote, started swearing and so on. And then we produced you suck. And finally, it ended with kiss my ass. And so basically, he thought he was dealing with something smart. And of course, we just sort of wrote this program. And we tried it out. And it didn't quite work. And we don't have this feature anymore.

So that maybe I can switch back to the world. I wanted to end just by saying that there's a couple things that really make me excited to be involved with Google. And one of those is that we're able to make money largely through advertising. And one of the benefits that I didn't expect from that was that we're able to serve everyone in the world without worrying about places that don't have as much money. So we don't have to worry about our products being sold, for example, for less money in places that are poor. And then they get re-imported into the US, for example, with the drug industry.

I think we're really lucky to have that kind of business model, because everyone in the world has access to our search. I think that's a tremendous, tremendous benefit. The other thing I wanted to mention just briefly is that we have a tremendous ability and responsibility to provide people the right information. And we view ourselves like a newspaper or a magazine that we should provide very objective information. And so in our search results, we never accept payment for our search results. We accept payment for advertising, and we market as such. And that's unlike many of our competitors. And I think decisions we're able to make like that have a tremendous impact on the world.

And it makes me really proud to be involved with Google. So thank you. practise.

TED

Sergey Brin and Larry Page: The genesis of Google

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